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Accuracy

Closeness of agreement between a measured quantity value and a true quantity value of a measurand.

Ancillary Data

Data acquired on the same platform as the main sensor but not from the sensor itself, used primarily for processing instrument data.

Anthroposphere

One of the Earth spheres consisting predominantly of matter processed by humans, such as construction wood, bricks, concrete, asphalt, glass, or plastics.

Archive

System for long-term storage of data products with guaranteed preservation.

Area of Interest

Zone in 2D or 3D for which the Information or Data is requested.

Atmosphere

Layer of gases, commonly known as air, including suspended liquid and solid particles known as aerosols (incl.

Auxiliary Data

Data enhancing processing and utilization of main sensor data, collected via different processes or platforms, and usable as independent datasets.

Backup

General practice of making copies of current baseline and derived products of EO Collections at specified time intervals, and storing those copies in a manner that will not affect the data if the p...

Band Central Wavelength

Single wavelength Value within the sensitivity interval of a spectroradiometric Sensor which represents the respective band.

Baseline

Reference Period, time or measure against which the Information is assessed or compared.

Biosphere

Masses of living organisms, such as vegetation and animals, including dead but still connected parts such as roots, trunks or branches.

Business Continuity

An organisation's readiness to continue functioning during times of disruption.

Catalogue

System that provides discovery of information on which Earth observation products can be obtained.

Cell

Spatial, spatio-temporal zone or temporal unit of geometry with dimensionality greater than 0, associated with a zone.

Classification System

Nomenclature used to classify Information into categorical thematic classes (e.g., EUNIS, MAES ecosystems, Corine Land Cover, LCCS).

Climate Projection

Simulated response of the climate system to a scenario of future emission or concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and aerosols, generally derived using climate models.

Collection

Group of products that have been processed using a consistent radiometric calibration, geometric registration base, data/metadata format, and version of processing algorithms.

Collection Update

Minor revisions to a relatively small number of products within a collection for the purpose of correcting errors and maintaining consistent quality.

Collection Upgrade

New and improved major version of all products within a collection due to comprehensive reprocessing.

Confidence Interval

Probability that the Quantity lies in the interval, conditioned on the measuring or modelling assumptions.

Coverage Interval

Range or specific subset of values associated with a coverage dataset.

Cryosphere

Masses of frozen water, such as sea ice, ice shields, glaciers, and snow.

Custodian

Entity responsible for the safe custody, transport, storage of the data and implementation of business rules.

Data

Value and possibly Uncertainty of a Trait of a specific Entity.

Data Format

Structured Data that is machine readable and can be automatically read and processed by a computer, such as HDF, NetCDF, CSV, JSON, XML, etc.

Data Licencing

Legal instrument by which a copyright holder may grant rights over the protected work.

Decommissioned Product

Products and collections that have been superseded by new versions and are no longer available.

Deprecated Product

Products and collections that have been superseded by a newer version and are still available, but whose use is discouraged since they will be decommissioned in the future.

Derivative Product

Product additionally processed from baseline or unenhanced mission data.

Dispose

Action of permanently and irrecoverably removing all copies of data held by an organization.

Duration

Non-negative interval Quantity of time equal to the difference between the final and initial instants of a time interval.

Dwell Time

Time that an antenna beam spends on a target.

Earth Observation Product

Direct output from standardized satellite data processing chains (indicative levels 2 and 3), representing fundamental geophysical and biophysical variables.

Earth Spheres

Spheres dividing planet Earth into subsystems, which are collectives of (physical) matter sharing specific traits.

Entity

Something that has separate and distinct existence and objective or conceptual reality.

EO Space Data

Earth Observation data generated by spaceborne missions or instruments owned by public or private organizations.

Geocoding

Translation of one form of Location into another.

Geographic Data

Data with implicit or explicit reference to a Location relative to the Earth.

Geographic Grid

Regular grid based on a Geographic Coordinate Reference System (CRS).

Geolocating

Geopositioning of an Object using a Physical Sensor Model or a True Replacement Model.

Geospatial Data

Data consisting of, derived from, or relating to information that is directly linked to specific geographical locations.

Geosphere

The masses of minerals that constitute planet Earth.

Granule

The smallest aggregation of data which is independently managed (i.e.

Grid

Network composed of two or more sets of curves in which the members of each set intersect the members of the other sets in an algorithmic way.

Hydrosphere

The masses of liquid water, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers.

Information

Result of organizing, interpreting, categorizing, or classifying data to assign meaning understandable by the addressee.

Instrument Data

Data specifically associated with the instrument, either because it was generated by the instrument or included in data packets identified with that instrument.

Lead Time

Minimum time of interval between an Observation being tasked and being performed.

Lithosphere

The solid, inanimate outer layer of the Geosphere.

Location

Particular Place referenced by an identifier.

Location Error

Measure of the agreement between the represented Location of an Object and the true Location.

Long Term Preservation

The act of maintaining information in a correct and independently understandable form over the long term.

Measurand

Particular Quantity subject to Measurement.

Metadata

Data describing other data, providing an understanding of the content and utility of a product or collection.

Object

Entity with a well-defined boundary and identity that encapsulates state and behaviour.

Path

Line defined in an algorithmic way using at least two positions (can be open-ended).

Period

Particular era or span of time.

Period Identifier

Temporal reference in the form of a label or code that identifies a Period.

Phenomenon

Entity with at least one Property referenced by an identifier.

Place

Part of any space referenced by an identifier.

Preservation

Processes and operations used to ensure data technical and intellectual survival through time.

Process

Series of activities that interact to produce a result.

Product

Electronic data package distributable to users; content is derived from instrument data via processing involving ancillary and auxiliary data.

Provisional Product

Products in a research and development phase not yet published into a standardized collection.

Quality Indicator

Indicator providing sufficient information to allow all users to readily evaluate the fitness for purpose of the data or derived product.

Quantity

Property having a magnitude that can be expressed as a number from a continuous and contiguous range and a reference.

Replicability

Property enabling other researchers to conduct an independent study with different data and similar but not identical methods, yet arriving at results that confirm the original study's hypothesis.

Representativeness

Quality or characteristic of a measurement or Observation to accurately represent a specific geographic location, time Period, or environmental condition.

Reproducibility

Validity of study results through exact reproduction using the same data and methods to verify authenticity.

Sensor

Device or instrument suited (through physical/chemical interaction) to measure one or more properties of a Phenomenon and thus collect factual/objective data.

Source Data

Data required for producing an Earth observation collection, including unenhanced satellite mission data, precision-corrected Level-1 radiance, or other pre-processed formats meeting program requir...

Spatial Completeness

Presence or absence of gaps, which are missing values in an otherwise continuous spatial data series.

Spatial Consistency

Condition where the spatial statistical properties of the data depend only on the underlying physical processes and not on other factors such as fusing different products or sensors.

Spatial Extent

Zone or region of space described by a geographic identifier in the form of a label or code, or by a bounding box.

Spatial Reporting Unit

Smallest spatial object of interest that may be used for reporting and for which the information should be aggregated.

Spectral Band

Part of the electromagnetic spectrum of specific wavelengths.

Stability

Maximum acceptable change in Uncertainty per decade.

Standard Uncertainty

Standard deviation of the probability distribution describing the spread of possible values in quantitative/continuous data.

Temporal Consistency

Condition where the temporal statistical properties of the Sample depend only on the underlying physical processes and not on other factors such as fusing different products or sensors.

Temporal Extent

Period during which data was collected, observations were made, or for which the model was run.

Temporal Reporting Period

Time Period used for reporting and for which the information should be aggregated from the native Temporal Resolution.

Temporal Resolution

Regular interval between observations or model time steps that determines the smallest resolvable event or process.

Thematic Resolution

Level of categorical detail of information expressed by the number of classes.

Time of Day

Time of the day at which the variable or parameter is observed or simulated by a model.

Time of Year

Time of the year at which the variable is observed or simulated by a model.

Timeliness

Period between the moment of requesting information and the moment of availability of information. - Near Real-Time (NRT): delivered less than 3 hours after requesting information. - Slow-Time Cri...

Traceability

Property of a measurement result whereby the result can be related to a Reference through a documented unbroken chain of calibrations, each contributing to the measurement uncertainty.

Trait

Characteristic belonging to an entity and referenced by an identifier.

Uncertainty

Parameter, associated with the result of a measurement, that characterises the dispersion of the values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand.

User

Entity (person, organization, institution, etc.) requesting data or information with specified characteristics.

User Interface

Set of all the components of an interactive system that provide information and controls for the User to accomplish specific tasks with the interactive system.

Validation

Process of assessing, by independent means, the quality of the data products derived from the system outputs.

Value

Element of a type domain.

Verification

Provision of objective evidence that a given item fulfils specified requirements.

Version Control

Method of working with collections, similar to the version control systems used in traditional software development but optimized to allow better processing of data and collaboration in the context...